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Red-eared Slider

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Trachemys scriptaPhoto © Animal-World: Courtesy David Brough

     The Red Eared Slider has been a favorite household pet for many years!

     Because they can can tolerate a wide variety of conditions and become quite tame in captivity, Red Eared Sliders make wonderful pets. They are quiet, and when tame are calm and generally slow-moving. Consequently they don't instill the cautious concerns that some folks have when dealing with other types of reptiles. They can be quite hardy when provided with the right environment, have fairly modest requirements, and live a long time.

     These are some of the most prolific and widespread species of freshwater turtles in the world. In addition there are several beautiful color morphs of the Red-eared Slider available; including albino, pastel, and leucistic.

For more Information see:
Selecting and Caring for Your Turtle or Tortoise

Distribution:      Red-eared Sliders are found in the United States from Virginia to Florida and west to Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico. They have also been introduced into habitats throughout the world. Fourteen other Trachemys species and subspecies are found throughout Central and South America.

Status     The Common Sliders Trachemys scripta are listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: LR - lower risk.

Description:      Over their incredibly large range in nature, Red-eared Sliders are quite variable in patterning and color. They can be grayish green, bright lime green with wonderful yellow spots and squiggles, or dark green with dark markings. They all have the typical red "ear" coloration that runs from the eyes to the back of the head. This coloration can have a variety of shapes and a range of color, but all true Red-ears have this characteristic.
     Males of all populations of Red-ears become darker as they age. Some become an entirely black turtle with the pattern and even the red "ear" difficult to see. Males are usually smaller than females and with larger front claws and longer tails. This species generally ranges between 8 to 10" (20.3 - 25.4 cm) with a maximum recorded size of 11.4" or 28.9 cm (Conant and Collins, 1991).

Care and Feeding:      Red Eared Sliders exhibit a feeding pattern typical of many freshwater turtle species. As young, they are carnivores, eagerly consuming insects, insect larvae, and a variety of other invertebrates. As they grow, they begin feeding on a variety of plant matter in addition to the live prey. As they reach adulthood, most sliders will continue to feed on animal matter in the form of fish, worms, and insects.
     In captivity, most sliders will eagerly eat commercial turtle food and will eat large amounts of the aquatic plants found in their enclosures. Respect their need for a varied diet as young sliders are prone to shell defects and abnormal growth due to insufficient diets.

Environment:
Indoors:
     A basic setup in a large tub (48"w x 84"l x 20"d) or stock tank will be sufficient to hold three or four adult Red-eared Sliders. Add an efficient filtration system, a shop light fixture with UVB-emitting bulbs, and at least one basking spot with a 100-watt spotlight mounted above.
     Add a variety of floating and submerged aquatic plants to the slider enclosure. In addition to helping keep the water clean and healthy, plants will add some variety to the sliders' diet.

Baby Red Eared Slider Photo  © Animal-World

A good beginning home for a small or baby Red Eared Slider is an aquarium. Purchase at least a 20-gallon aquarium. Also required are a filter, a heater, a pump and airstone, a sandy or gravel substrate, live aquatic plants, chlorine remover and other water conditioners, and a small bulb to provide a basking spot for the young turtle.      None of these supplies can be left out of the proper baby turtle enclosure. Fortunately, these turtles are typically very hardy captives and thrive in proper conditions.

Outdoors:
     The Red Eared Slider does very well in outdoor ponds. It can thrive outside in warmer climates and is active year-round. It will hibernate in more severe environments and can tolerate cold winter conditions, often hibernating under the ice.
     They love to bask, so at least one large basking spot per enclosure should be available. Outdoors, ponds and pools must be secure as Red-eared Sliders will usually leave unfenced areas quickly – The "Call of the Wild" pulling them to the local farm pond or nearby river.
     Care must be taken that these, and any turtles, are not released into a wild habitat. The reasons are many. The introduction of non-native species can lead to the introduction of diseases and can lead to hybridization of introduced and native species. In addition, many turtles raised in captivity and released into wild situations are confused, unable to cope with extreme weather changes, and many surely fall prey quite quickly to the wary predators they may encounter.

Handling:      Red Eared Sliders become very tame in captivity and will tolerate some handling. They will readily swim up to the keeper and take food out of his or her hand. They become quite curious and will watch anyone in the room with them in hopes of getting a free handout.
     Older sliders and those kept in ponds tend to be more nervous and will scratch and flail when removed for handling or cleaning.

Breeding:      Adult males of many species of sliders are characterized by the growth of long claws on their front feet. In addition many male sliders grow darker as they age. This appearance of long claws and the trend toward melanism can aid the slider keeper in identifying his males and females at a glance.
     Captive breeding is simple and straightforward in most sliders. The male engages in an elaborate courtship ritual that involves swimming above the female, scratching her carapace with his elongated nails, head twitching, and more. If their environment is healthy and females are given access to a proper laying area, sliders are quite prolific producers. Adults breed throughout the spring and a female can lay up to three clutches of 6-10 eggs each year. This species exhibits temperature dependent sex determination; eggs incubated at less than 80 ° F (27 ° C) produce males, 82 to 84 ° F (28 ° to 30 ° C) produce a mixed ratio, and those incubated at 86 ° F (30 ° C) produce females.
     Be aware that adults eagerly consume hatchlings if a nest hatches within the adult's enclosure. Care must be taken to remove the eggs for incubation or to protect the nest with a wire cage if it is to be incubated on-site.
Hatchlings thrive in the proper environment with good water quality, UVB and heat, and a varied diet. Babies relish invertebrates such as blackworms, small redworms, and even crickets as well as commercial pelleted food. They grow quickly and can reach breeding size in 3-4 years.

Ailments / Health Problems:      Not many, but shell and skin infections arise from poor nutrition and ear abscesses are occasionally seen in sliders kept in poor quality water with abnormally high levels of bacteria. These injuries can be treated by removing the turtle from the water. The infected area should be dried and an application of Betadine followed by a layer of silvadene cream should be applied. The turtle should be kept warm on a towel in a tub for several hours before it is returned to the water. This should be repeated every day for a week while the area heals.
     If the turtle's water is not clean and aerated the problem will recur quickly. If the turtle is being bullied or too many turtles are kept in a small enclosure, this and other problems will occur until the situation is corrected.

Availability:      Red-eared Sliders are commonly available throughout the U.S. in pet stores, at reptile shows, and on-line. They are usually inexpensive to purchase but one must realize that the expenses of setting up a proper environment are considerable.

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Latest Comments
I have a red slider and he is in a 40 gal tank. hes in the garge and it gets cold in there I have a water wormer for him it is the long ones that hang in the water, and he has a light too. due you thing I should move him cause it is too cold in there? trindina 2010-01-15
Hello I have a question i have 2 RES and have had them for a year now i love them very much and i have moved them form a 10 gallon tank to a 40 gallong tank with 1 of those floating logs and a turtle dock and stuff and 2 filters but i would like to know what kind of pet store plants can i put in there that they can eat and make the tank cooler also will they eat the algea cleaning fish??? and another question 1 of them has an ear abses (how ever you can spell it sorry) and has had it for about 9 months thank god he or she hasent died yet can u tell me how to fix it?? can i do it myself? or do i have to take it to a vet for sure??? Rolf 2009-12-15
I have a red-eared slider and his eyes have a film over them. This possibly came from not getting to clean out the tank like we should have. What can we do to help this?? He wonders around the tank like he cant see. If you put his food in front of him, he acts like he cant see it. We had two turtles in the tank during this time but this has only happened to one. The other turtles seems to be fine. We are very concerned about is problem we have please help?? Troy randall 2009-12-08
I need some help. We got two RES turtles and during the time we were moving I noticed a film over one of the turtles eyes. I am not sure what this is or what to do about it. This turtles has to be hand feed because it acts like it cant see the food in front of him. Please Help!! Tammy 2009-12-08
I have a red ear turtle and there seems to be a film covering his/her eyes and i'm not sure if its from not changing his/her tank in a timely fashion or where exactly it came from but what can i do to help him/her. Troy randall 2009-12-02
Some of the coolest comments:
I had a red eared slider for 5 years. We've been through alot. First I purchased him he was 2 inches and he was placed in a tiny plastic container with no heating source, I only put him by the window for natural sunlight. The tank only had 1 cm of water and one small rock. It was a very poor habitat and I kept him there for a few months and he survived. Then I put him in a 9 gallon aquarium with 1 cm of water and the same rock. Still no heat source. He was fed pellets and shrimp. After a few years I went on the Internet and searched information on how to take care of them, and I found out they need a very large tank, a basking area, UVB basking bulbs, very clean water and a very strong filter, and lots more. Then I realized the mistake. I quickly told my parents how to take proper care of them. I always try to tell them how to take proper care of red eared sliders but they think its unnessecary. So I still had him in a poor habitat. But the past few months I tried my hardest to give him a proper habitat by myself. Right now he's still in a 9 gallon, but he has a turtle dock, a water depth of 4 inches, and a desk lamp for basking (I put him under the window on warm days for UVB). He is currently 5 inches and although he was in a terrible habitat for such a long time, he survived and for some weird reason shows no sign of illness. Now I'm going to give him a very large tank with a large basking area, a UBV basking light, a filter and water changes. I just wish my parents could be more considerate and put more effort into taking care of pets as they are a huge commitment. I'm only 11. Tony Dai 2009-11-11
Grumpy is between 15 and 20 years old now and still loves her hamburger treats. She also loves strawberries and watermelon. She eats almost any vegetable you give her but hates pinapple. She has 3 other turtle friends that have been around almost as long as she has. Her name is Grumpy because she always likes to play bite at me when I pick her up to talk with her and clean her home. Just thought you might like to know about a much older turtle than I have seen here so far, she is still growing and still shedding her shell too. Have fun with your turtles and be prepared to have them as your pets for a very long time. val 2009-07-20
Comments Dr Jungle REALLY Likes to Hear!
My son received Franklin as a gift for his 4th birthday. I never had a turtle and had no idea how to care for it. He was about the size of a quarter and lived in a small tank with about an inch of water,some gravel and a desk lamp. The poor thing lived in there for 3 years until my cousin told me he needs more space and water. We bought him a 10 gallon tank and filled most of it with water. He also got a dock and is fed live fish. I couldn't believe how happy he looked in the new tank! In a few months he grew 10x his original size. I felt so bad that we were not prepared to care for this gift. Although we didn't care for him properly for the first years of his life, I'm so glad he made it and is healthy. Based off the information we have read he is an adult and can be bred. He has very long front claws. I've noticed a few missing and growing back. Thank you for all the information. Bea 2009-11-19
A few days ago i bought two baby red-eared sliders, they are about the size of a quarter and a fifty-cent piece. At first they didnt eat much (im asuming they were nervous), but now they eat most the food i give them. They are extremely fun to play with and they love going in the tub to swim around. I named them rob and big lol. I love this site, and it helped me identify my turtles. Thanx for all the great information. Jordy 2007-07-04
That's a good amount of information here. The only thing I was wondering about was they pyramiding of the shell, where the young/hatcling turtle is fed too much protein too quickly and it causes the shell to grow like a pyramid; unevenly. I've recently taken in a RES in my area and have easily converted him to Reptomin, and he'll also eat dried krill and brine shrimp, and he loves his frozen blackworms. Monica 2006-05-04

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