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Blue GouramiThree-spot GouramiFamily: OsphronemidaeGouramiWFA_C2265.jpg) Trichogaster trichopterusPhoto © Animal-World: Courtesy David BroughLatest Reader Comment - See More Hello I have a 3 spot gourami and 3 blue gouramies, 4 mollies, 4 guppies, 6 ghost shrimp, a few fish that look like minnows from africa, and a pleco all in a 16... (more) jason The name, Three-spot Gourami, at first seems a bit of a mystery. This fish actually only has two spots, the third spot is generally considered to be the eye!Blue Gourami Contents These are a beautiful fish that get quite large, about 6 inches. The Blue Gourami, like the Gold Gourami, Platinum Gourami, and Opaline Gourami, is a color-morph of the Three-spot Gourami. The Blue Gourami and the Three-spot Gourami are identical except that the Blue Gourami has a hazy, whitish-blue coat. The Three-spot Gourami, like all the variants of this species, are generally considered good community fish when small but they are not as peaceful as the other gouramis. They have been known to attack smaller fish. They can also get belligerent or territorial when they get large. This species group is certainly one of the hardiest available to the aquarist, and makes an excellent first fish for people entering the hobby. They are long lived fish with each having a remarkably individual personality. They will use their pelvic fins to feel their environment and even feel their tank mates. They also seem to be quite aware of their owners. For more Information on keeping this fish see: |
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Gourami (trichogaster trichopterus) - Tropical Fish Profile This is the first in the series of upcoming Fish Profiles. This film focuses on the Gourami. |
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Habitat: Distribution / Background
The Three-spot Gourami are found in streams and rivers of the tropical Far East. The Blue Gourami are a captive bred color-morph of the Three-spot Gourami.
Three-spot Gouramis are found in marshes, swamps, and canals. They inhabit shallow sluggish or standing-water with a lot of aquatic vegetation. Occurs in seasonally flooded forests throughout the middle and lower Mekong. Undertakes lateral migrations from the Mekong mainstream, or other permanent water bodies, to flooded areas during the flood season and returns to the permanent water bodies at the onset of the dry season. Feeds on zooplankton, crustaceans and insect larvae.
- Scientific Name: Trichogaster trichopterus
- Social Grouping: Groups - Can be kept singly, in pairs, or groups. If kept in a group make sure there are plenty of hiding places to keep one or more of the individuals from being bullied.
- IUCN Red List: NE - Not Evaluated or not listed - The Three-spot Gourami are not endangered. There are no wild populations of the Blue Gourami.
The body of the Three-spot Gourami and the Blue Gourami is somewhat compressed and elongated. The fins are rounded and relatively large. The ventral fins are threadlike and extremely sensitive. The body color is a pretty bluish tone, sometimes with a striped patterning. The Blue Gourami has a hazy, whitish-blue coat. There are two dark spots, one at about mid body and the other at the base of the tail. The third spot, from which its name 'Three-spot' is derived, is generally considered to be the eye. White spots extend on to the fins, giving them a very attractive pattern. This fish has a labyrinth organ, a part of the fish which allows it to absorb atmospheric oxygen directly into the bloodstream.
- Maximum Size: 5.0 inches (12.70 cm) - Six inches (15 cm) is a good length for this gourami to reach in the aquarium. They will breed at 3 inches (7.5 cm).
- Aquarium Hardiness: Very Hardy
- Aquarist Experience Level: Beginner
The Three-spot Gourami and Blue Gourami, like all the variants of this species, are omnivores. These fish will generally eat all kinds of live, fresh, and flake foods. A quality flake or pellet food makes a good base to the diet. Supplementation should include white worms, blood worms, brine shrimp, or any other suitable substitute. Fresh vegetables can be offered as well, blanched lettuce being a good option for many aquarists.
These gouramis are extremely hardy fish. Although the labyrinth organ allows the fish to survive in oxygen depleted water, it is a common misconception that this makes water changes unnecessary. This is hardly the case as these fish will suffer the same tissue damage from built up toxins as any other fish. Regular water changes are a must with 25% weekly being recommended.
The tank should be decorated in a way which allows both the dominant and quieter personality type fish to live happily. This means the construction of a few hiding places and some dense plant cover. This species appreciates the cover of floating plants. While juveniles can be easily housed in a 15 - 20 gallon aquarium, adults do better with at least 35 gallons.
An interesting characteristic of these gouramis (as well as the Pearl Gourami), is that they are well known for eating hydra. The hydra is a tiny pest that has tentacles with a venom. Very small fish that come in contact with the hydra are paralyzed by the venom and then held fast by the tentacles until eaten. If you have a hydra problem in your aquarium, here is your solution!
- Diet Type: Omnivore
- Flake Food: Yes
- Tablet Pellet: Yes
- Feeding Frequency: Several feedings per day
- Water Changes: Monthly
- Minimum Tank Size: 25 gal (95 L)
- Substrate Type: Any
- Lighting Needs: Moderate - normal lighting
- Temperature: 72.0 - 82.0° F (22.2 - 27.8° C) - Keep the surrounding room temperature consistent with the water temperature to avoid causing trauma to the labyrinth organ.
- Range ph: 6.0-8.5
- Hardness Range: 5 - 35 dGH
- Brackish: No
- Water Movement: Weak - This fish will be bothered by a strong current in the tank, especially if the tank is small.
- Water Region: All - Top, middle, and bottom; the Three-spot Gourami or Blue Gourami will inhabit all levels of the aquarium.
The Blue Gourami and Three-spot Gourami are generally considered a good community fish when small, but they are not as peaceful as the other gouramis. They have been known to attack smaller fish. When they get older, only keep them with fish their own size. Individuals will show varying degrees of aggression. Some will be very belligerent and will handle their tank mates quite roughly. Others will be peaceful to the point of shyness. The aquarist should be prepared to adapt their tank to suit all personality types.
A mix of neutral personalities is an ideal goal for the range of tank mates. You should not include fish which will provoke this species into aggression as they are often passionate fighters. Fin nippers and gouramis should absolutely never be mixed, as the trailing pelvic fins and generally slower movement of this fish make it the perfect victim. Bullying between gouramis is a likely scenario as these fish, typical of the family, are fixated on constantly working out the details of the hierarchy. Being skilled hunters, extremely small fish or fish fry rarely last long.
- Venomous: No
- Temperament: Peaceful - Although the fish is calm, very small tankmates could be bullied.
- Compatible with:
- Same species - conspecifics: Yes
- Peaceful fish (): Safe
- Slow Swimmers & Eaters: (): Monitor - Gouramis can be quick at feeding time. Make sure any fish that are not so quick get fed if you are keeping them with gouramis.
The male Blue Gourami and Three-spot Gourami has a longer and more pointed dorsal fin. 
Like most fish in this family, the Blue Gouramis and Three-spot Gouramis are bubble nest builders. Their eggs as well as the fry, are lighter than water and float to the top. Breeding is moderately difficult, and finding a suitable pair is perhaps the biggest challenge. An individual breeding tank of 10 or more gallons should be set up. The water should be shallow, about 5 inches (13cm) being ideal. Tank current should be minimal. Many aquarists find that floating plants, or stem plants grown to the surface, or any other floating debris will help keep the bubble nest in place.
A healthy pair of adults should be introduced into the breeding tank. The male will spend a lot of time building a large bubble nest. The two will spawn and eggs will be deposited in the nest. The female must be removed at this time or she risks being killed by the male. Fry will soon emerge and must be kept on fry food until they can swallow flake foods. This is when the male should be removed or he might eat the fry which emerge from the nest.
See the description of how to breed these fish in Breeding Freshwater Fish
- Ease of Propagation: Easy
The Blue Gourami is readily available and specimens are moderately priced.
Animal-World References
Freshwater Fish and Plants
Tropical Fish ~ Freshwater Fish ~ Aquatic Plants
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